The Science Behind Addiction

Since 2010, addiction has been recognized as a chronic brain disease that primarily influences the reward system. Prior to this shift in understanding, those struggling with addiction were often viewed as morally weak or making poor choices.

What does it take to break free from addiction? — A chronic disease.

When an individual engages in pleasurable activities, such as drug use, the brain releases dopamine, a neurotransmitter that induces feelings of pleasure and reinforces the behavior. Over time, the brain adjusts to these heightened dopamine levels, which makes it increasingly challenging to find joy without the addictive substance or behavior. This cycle leads to cravings, compulsive actions, and ultimately, addiction.

To comprehend the motivations behind addiction, we must recognize that, as noted by expert Gabor Maté, many individuals use addictive behaviors as a form of self-medication to alleviate pain, often rooted in past traumas. Maté states:

> “Not all addictions are rooted in abuse or trauma, but I do believe they can all be traced to painful experience. A hurt is at the center of all addictive behaviors...”

Houston, we have a problem — Food addiction affects 20% of the global population!

While substance abuse is the most recognized form of addiction, other types can be equally damaging, including:

• Gambling addiction
• Internet addiction
• Shopping addiction
• Sexual addiction
• Food addiction

Statistics indicate that addiction rates are rising across the board, with millions affected. For instance:

• Substance Abuse: The National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that in 2019, around 20.4 million adults in the U.S. had a substance use disorder. Alcohol use disorder affects approximately 14.5 million adults in the U.S., with an estimated 88,000 annual deaths attributed to alcohol-related causes.
• Gambling Addiction: The National Council on Problem Gambling estimates that 1% of U.S. adults, about 2 million individuals, suffer from gambling disorders.
• Internet Addiction: Research suggests that internet addiction may impact between 1.5% and 8.2% of the global population, varying by region.
• Shopping Addiction: Approximately 6% of the U.S. population may be classified as compulsive buyers.
• Sex Addiction: While not officially recognized, estimates suggest that 3% to 6% of the general population may exhibit compulsive sexual behaviors.
• Food Addiction: Research shows that around 20% of individuals in Western countries may experience food addiction, particularly among those who are overweight or obese.

These figures illustrate the widespread nature of addiction across different forms. Notably, smoking, which is often downplayed, is responsible for over 8 million deaths globally each year, according to WHO.

Overcoming Addiction

Conquering addiction is undeniably challenging, yet achievable with the right strategies and support. Personally, I overcame a 25-year gambling addiction with guidance after years of struggling alone.

Here are some of the most effective strategies for recovery:

1. Seeking Professional Help: Addiction is a complex issue that often necessitates professional intervention, which can include therapy, counseling, medication, and support groups.
2. Making Lifestyle Changes: Implementing lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, a nutritious diet, and avoiding triggers can significantly aid in overcoming addiction.
3. Building a Support Network: A strong support system of friends, family, and professionals can be crucial. Joining support groups or attending therapy can foster a sense of community and accountability.
4. Developing Coping Mechanisms: It’s essential to cultivate healthy coping strategies. Mindfulness, journaling, and engaging in enjoyable activities can be beneficial.

According to Gabor Maté, the brain has the capacity to develop new neural pathways, allowing for healthier production of happiness-inducing hormones.

Video: Overcoming Addiction: The Dopamine Effect

In this video, learn how dopamine plays a crucial role in addiction and how understanding this can help in recovery.

Conclusion

Addiction is a complex issue that impacts millions worldwide, representing one of humanity's most significant invisible challenges. This complexity is exacerbated by a capitalist system that encourages addictive behaviors through various products and services.

In an age where the attention economy thrives, the statistic that up to 8.2% of the population may suffer from internet addiction is alarming.

By grasping the science behind addiction and employing effective recovery strategies, individuals can reclaim their lives and pursue healthier, fulfilling paths. Neuroplasticity makes it possible for the brain to begin producing more natural happiness-inducing hormones.

However, this journey requires dedication, strong motivation, and a supportive network of professionals and peers.

If you or someone you know is facing addiction, remember that assistance is accessible and recovery is attainable.

Just reach out.

Lucien Lecarme

I invite you to read my free eBook offering a 5-Step Method for transforming your addiction. Consider taking immediate action by signing up for my 10-session Online 5 STAM Group Coaching starting in May, with a special 50% discount!